This chemical prevents important molecules in a deep-sea fish’s body from being changed and compressed by the water pressure. Deep-sea fish have many substances called trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), which can resist extreme water pressure. They fill the body with liquid and balance it with external pressure. Deep-sea fish do not breathe into their lungs. Liquid components cannot be compressed, unlike gases. They also have flexible bones that make it easier to withstand pressure. The fish’s skull is not fused, so it is not easy to break under pressure. The reason deep-sea fish can withstand underwater pressure Changes in molecules that occur in a living body have harmful effects on animals, which cause them to eventually die (Fitzner, 2022). Water molecules have a tetrahedral shape, which is distorted when the water pressure is high. The deeper the water, the slower the animal’s heartbeats (Venosa, 2015). The body of the animals sends much blood to the heart, and brain and the extra blood is adapted to expand the chest blood vessels to maintain balance with external pressure. When the water pressure increases, the animal’s lungs contract, leaving only a small amount of air. How does pressure impact animals in the ocean? Due to this environment, the deep sea has poor conditions for living creatures to live in (Staughton, 2016). As a result, the deep sea generally lacks food. The little sunlight in the deep sea, along with the very low temperatures, makes it difficult for plants to live there. Under the high pressure that can be felt in the deep sea, any normal animal will have ruptured eardrums and collapsed lungs and suffocate immediately (Staughton, 2016). The water pressure in the deepest part of the ocean is 1,100 times greater than the air pressure on land. As the depth of the sea increases by 10 meters, the pressure rises by one atmospheric pressure. The deep sea, being an extreme environment, is completely different from the shallow sea. Why is it difficult for animals to live in the deep sea?
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